Interpreters convert one spoken language
into another—or, in the case of
sign-language interpreters, between spoken communication
and sign language. This requires interpreters
to pay attention carefully, understand what is
communicated in both languages, and express thoughts
and ideas clearly. Strong research and analytical
skills, mental dexterity, and an exceptional memory
also are important.
There are two types of interpretation:
simultaneous and consecutive.
Simultaneous interpretation requires interpreters
to listen and speak (or sign) at the same
time. In simultaneous interpretation,
the interpreter begins to convey a sentence being
spoken while the speaker is still talking. Ideally,
simultaneous interpreters should be so familiar
with a subject that they are able to
anticipate the end of the speaker’s sentence.
Because they need a high degree of concentration,
simultaneous interpreters work in pairs, with
each interpreting for 20- to 30-minute segments.
This type of interpretation is required at international
conferences and is sometimes used in the courts.
During consecutive interpretation,
the interpreter waits until a complete statement
has been spoken and then begins interpreting (so
only one person is speaking at a time).
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